Kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kokukhiqizwa kwamabhola eNdebe Yomhlaba, bheka ukusetshenziswa kwe-laser embonini yezindwangu
Kusukela ngoJuni 14, iNdebe Yomhlaba ka-2018 eRussia iyaqhubeka, ngamagoli amaningi ajwayelekile afakwe emidlalweni eminingi. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhulunywa ngebhola leNdebe Yomhlaba, kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi ibhola lingathungwa kanjani ndawonye. Eqinisweni, ngaphandle kokuba yindilinga ngaso sonke isikhathi, ibhola lihlale libonakala ngezindlela ezahlukene, liqhubekela phambili emlandweni weminyaka engu-85 weNdebe Yomhlaba.
Ibhola ekuqaleni kwawo-1930 lalenziwe ngesikhumba, esasithungwa ngesandla yizisebenzi ezinekhono. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ibhola aliyona ibhola eliyindilinga ngalesi sikhathi, futhi kuhlale kunezimbobo kulo.
ENdebeni Yomhlaba ka-1986 eMexico, okokuqala ngqa, iFIFA yamukele ibhola elenziwe ngokuphelele njengengqimba yayo yangaphandle. Ngenxa yentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, umklami wamukele indlela entsha yokuthunga isikhumba, enciphisa inani lezingcezu zesikhumba zaleli bhola elikhethekile uma kuqhathaniswa nebhola elikhethekile langaphambilini. Ngaphambilini, ibhola lalithungwa ngesandla ngabasebenzi abanekhono, okwenza ibhola libe nzima kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yokuthi isikhala phakathi kwezingcezu zesikhumba sikhulu kakhulu, yonke indawo ayindilinga ngokwanele.
ENdebeni Yomhlaba ka-2006 eJalimane, i-Adidas yayishiya ngokuphelele indlela yokuthunga ngesandla futhi yamukela ukubopha okuthuthukisiwe kokushisa ukuze kuncishiswe ukungalingani kobuso besikwele ngenxa yokuthunga kwesikhumba.
Ibhola elithungwe nge-laser libhola elithungwe nge-laser elinobunye obungenamthungo. Lo msebenzi wobuciko unenkazimulo ye-samba yeNdebe Yomhlaba eBrazil! Ibhola elithungwe nge-thermal linezinzuzo ezisobala kunebhola elithungwe ngesandla nelithungwe ngomshini: ukwenza ngcono isakhiwo esiyindilinga, ukugcina ngokuphelele ukuma kwendilinga ekukhahleleni, okusiza ukwandisa amandla nokunemba; inqubo entsha yokubopha isusa ukungalingani kwendilinga futhi yenza indilinga ibe yindilinga ngokuphelele futhi inembe kakhudlwana. Ubuchwepheshe bokubopha nge-thermal benza izingcezu zisondelane ngaphandle komthungo, zinikeze ibhola indawo eyindilinga ebushelelezi ngokuphelele futhi eqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, lobu buchwepheshe abukavuthwa kakhulu okwamanje, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amabhlogo athungwe nge-thermal azoqhekeka noma awe.
Ngo-Agasti 3, 2005, ososayensi baseBrithani bathunga ngempumelelo ihembe besebenzisa i-laser esikhundleni somsebenzi wokuthunga. Le nselele yokuqala ibeka izinselele ezintsha embonini yezingubo zendabuko. Lobu buchwepheshe obusha buyingcweti yeCambridge Institute of Welding Technology e-United Kingdom. Ososayensi baqala ngokufaka ungqimba loketshezi olumunca ukukhanya kwe-infrared endaweni lapho ihembe lizothungwa khona, bese behlanganisa imiphetho ukuze uketshezi luhlanganiswe phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili zezingubo ezizothungwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, ingxenye ehambisanayo ishiswa nge-laser ye-infrared enamandla aphansi, bese uketshezi lwamakhemikhali lushiswa ukuze luncibilikise kancane impahla bese lushisisa ingxenye ezothungwa. Ukusetshenziswa kwalobu buchwepheshe ukushisisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezingubo kuqinile kakhulu, kungaphezu kwezingubo zempi, futhi kufanelekile izingubo zoboya, izingubo eziphefumulayo ngisho nezingubo ezinwebekayo ezithandwa kakhulu. Le ndlela iwusizo kakhulu lapho kuthungwa izingubo ezingangeni manzi, ngoba manje ukuthunga izingubo ezinjalo kudinga ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi kwe-interface, kodwa ngokuthunga nge-laser, i-interface isivele ivuza ngemva kokuqedwa. Ososayensi bathi ubuchwepheshe buzothuthukiswa ngokwengeziwe ukuze kusetshenziswe ama-laser ebhizinisini lezingubo elizenzakalelayo ngokugcwele.
IShayina "ingumthombo wokukhiqiza" embonini yezindwangu nezembatho. Ukuze idlule enkingeni yendlela yokukhula, ukuze ithuthukise ukuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe futhi yandise inzuzo, amabhizinisi ezindwangu nezembatho kumele asheshise ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo sezimboni, andise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwisayensi nobuchwepheshe, athuthukise imishini yokukhiqiza izingubo, amukele ubuchwepheshe obusha nezindlela ezintsha, futhi andise inani elengeziwe lomkhiqizo kanye nokuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe.
Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-laser embonini yezindwangu nezembatho kubonise indlela amabhizinisi angathuthukisa ngayo ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, andise inani elengeziwe lomkhiqizo, ashintshe imodeli yokukhula, enze ngcono izinqubo zokukhiqiza, alungise isakhiwo sezimboni, futhi ashintshe kusuka ekudingeni abasebenzi abaningi kuya ekudingeni ubuchwepheshe. Njengemboni ekhuphukayo ochungechungeni lwemboni yezingubo, ubuchwepheshe be-laser bunesibopho futhi budlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni intuthuko yomkhakha. Kukholakala ukuthi buzodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekulungisweni kwesakhiwo sezimboni esikhathini esizayo. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwe-laser embonini yezindwangu kuye kwangena kancane kancane esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwentuthuko. Ngokusetshenziswa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-laser, izidingo zokukhiqiza zomshini we-laser ziye zanda kancane kancane. Njengoba umshini wokusika i-laser kanye nomshini wokuqopha i-laser kunezinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa ekusebenzeni kahle kokucubungula, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nesilinganiso sokufaka nokukhipha, kubonakala sengathi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ubuchwepheshe bokusetshenziswa kwe-laser buzokhanya kakhulu embonini yezindwangu nezembatho.
