Izixhobo ziphucula inkqubo entsha ehamba phambili - iindlela ezintsha zokuhlamba idenim
Ukuze komelezwe ulawulo lwamanzi amdaka emizi-mveliso adaywayo, ukususela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2013, iTshayina yaqala ukusebenzisa i-GB 4287-2012 "imigangatho yokukhupha amanzi angcolileyo kwimizi-mveliso", umgangatho omtsha wokukhupha amanzi angcolileyo kwimizi-mveliso ubonise iimfuno eziphezulu. NgoNovemba 2013, uMphathiswa woKhuseleko lweNdalo ukhuphe "Izikhokelo zokuThotyelwa kweNdalo kunye namashishini adaywayo," "isikhokelo" sotshintsho olutsha, ulwandiso, ulwandiso lwamashishini asele ekhona kwimizi-mveliso kunye nolawulo lwemihla ngemihla lweprojekthi yokwakha ukuya kuyo yonke inkqubo, kunye nokukhokela ilizwe kunye nokulinganisa imigangatho yokulawula imeko-bume yoshishino kunye nokuthintela ungcoliseko. Inqanaba lentlalo, idokhumentari yaseJamani ethi "ixabiso leejini" kunye nemibutho yokusingqongileyo edla ngokutyhila iziganeko zongcoliseko lwemizi-mveliso zokuprinta kunye nokudaywa, imiba yokusingqongileyo nayo iya kutyhalelwa kwindawo elandelayo yokucubungula izimvo zoluntu. Ukongeza, imiqobo yobugcisa kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwiikhemikhali zelaphu Ukuthintelwa kweekhemikhali ezinobungozi kufuna ungqongqo ngakumbi, nto leyo evelisa ukuprinta Isiphumo sokuphucula imveliso ngokunyanzelwa.
Ukuhlamba iimpahla zejini yinkqubo ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yempahla yejini. Okwangoku, izixhobo zokuhlamba iimpahla zejini zisezizixhobo zokuhlamba iimpahla zemveli ezithe tyaba, ezinezinga eliphantsi lokuzenzekela, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi amaninzi ngomphunga, iinkqubo zemveliso ezingaphezulu, amandla aphezulu abasebenzi, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphantsi. Kwinkqubo yokuhlamba, okwangoku, inani elikhulu leejini zokugqiba ukuhlamba ngelitye, ukuhlamba ngesanti, ukuhlamba kunye nokuhlamba ngeekhemikhali njengesixhobo esiphambili. Le nkqubo yokuhlamba yendabuko kukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, ungcoliseko olukhulu, ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka, kunye neemveliso ezingezizo ezilungele indalo. Ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa inkqubo yokuvelisa iimpahla zejini ukukhupha amanzi amdaka yingxaki ebalulekileyo ejongene neli shishini, kodwa kunye nophuhliso lweshishini lokucubungula ijini kunye nokuphucula ubuxoki obunokubakho, imingeni kunye namathuba. Itekhnoloji ephucukileyo yinxalenye yendalo yokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangoku oluhlanjwe ngejini oluhlanjwe ngeendlela ezisebenzayo. Eli nqaku ligxile kwitekhnoloji yejini ehlanjwe nge-ozone kunye ne-laser kunye nezixhobo ukubonelela ngereferensi yobugcisa kwimveliso yokuhlamba ijini ecocekileyo.
1. Itekhnoloji yokuhlamba i-ozone
Itekhnoloji ye-ozone ineengenelo ezininzi kwizicelo zokucubungula iimpahla zedenim, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye neekhemikhali okuncitshisiweyo, ukunciphisa ixesha lenkqubo kunye nenkqubo, ukucoca kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Umatshini wokuhlamba i-ozone ungasebenzisa i-ozone (ngejenereyitha ye-ozone) kwinkqubo yokuhlamba iimpahla, uvelise isiphumo sokumhlophe esingenambala yi-ozone. Izixhobo ezinjalo zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukucubungula iimpahla zakudala zedenim. Ngokulungisa ubungakanani bokuvelisa i-ozone, unokufezekisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo esiphumo sonyango. Umatshini wokuhlamba i-ozone ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iikhemikhali, unokonga amanzi amaninzi, ngoko ke ngokuhambelana neemfuno zokhuseleko lwendalo. Ukongeza, iindlela zokugqiba i-ozone zokufezekisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula kunye nokuvelisa iimpahla zedenim, zinika isiphumo seebhulukhwe ezintsha nezikhethekileyo, ilaphu ledenim elivela kwimbonakalo, elisebenzayo alibonisi nje kuphela i-cowboy eqinileyo, likwabonisa imvakalelo ekhululekileyo nethambileyo.
Isiphumo se-denim yeejini emva kokuhlamba nge-ozone
Okwangoku kukho abavelisi bomatshini wokuhlamba i-ozone abakhulileyo abanayo i-LST, iJeanologia, ii-Ozone Denim Systems, njl. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokucubungula ukuhlamba i-ozone ngomgaqo ofanayo, ukonga amanzi, umbane kunye neekhemikhali zintle kakhulu.
I-Ozone yigesi ekhupha i-oxidizing enamandla ene-decolorization ephezulu kuyo yonke i-dyeing capacity, i-ozone inokonakalisa la maqela e-auxochrome, ukuze kufezekiswe i-decolorization. Inkqubo ye-ozone generator kunye nezixhobo yi-discharge, echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kwezixhobo. I-LST ozone generator esebenzisa uyilo lwe-micro-gap dielectric barrier discharge, ayiphuculi kakhulu kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemisebenzi, kunye nokhuseleko olongezelelekileyo kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo yokusebenza rhoqo.
Nangona ukusebenza kakuhle kwejenereyitha ye-ozone yanamhlanje, xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso zesiqhelo kuye kwaphucuka kakhulu, kodwa kukho malunga ne-90% yamandla ombane okuvelisa i-ozone aguqulwa abe bubushushu. Ukuba le nxalenye yobushushu ayisuswanga ngokufanelekileyo, umsantsa wokukhupha ijenereyitha ye-ozone uya kuqhubeka nokunyuka ngaphezu kobushushu obucwangcisiweyo bokusebenza. Ubushushu obuphezulu abulungelanga ukuvelisa i-ozone, kodwa bukhetha ukubola kwe-ozone, okukhokelela ekuvelisweni kwe-ozone kunye noxinzelelo olunciphileyo. Uyilo lweyunithi yamanzi okupholisa ye-LST-cycle, xa ubushushu bamanzi okupholisa budlula ubushushu boyilo lwenkqubo okanye ukunqongophala kwamanzi, inkqubo iya kuthumela ngokuzenzekelayo isignali yesilumkiso.
Izixhobo ze-ozone ze-LST zinokufikelela kulawulo oluzenzekelayo lwenyathelo ngalinye lenkqubo, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwesiphumo sonyango. Emva konyango lwe-ozone, ngokususwa kwe-ozone ngokukhuselekileyo nangokukhawuleza ibe yi-oksijini, ukususwa kwe-ozone emva komatshini ococekileyo ngaphambi kokuvula isitywina somnyango. Umatshini uvalwe ngokupheleleyo, izitywina ezikhethekileyo zokuthintela ukuvuza kwegesi kumatshini, ngeenjongo zomshuwalense, zikwaxhotyiswe ngeevalvu zokhuseleko zomoya. Izambatho zokwenza i-ozone ze-LST zingenziwa ngqo kumatshini, kwangaxeshanye zisusa isidingo sokusebenza ngesandla, zigcina ixesha, ngakumbi ukuthintela umqhubi ukuba anxibelelane ngqo nempahla, zithintele ngokufanelekileyo ukwenzeka kokwenzakala ngengozi. Oomatshini bavelisa ukuguquguquka okuphezulu. Ijenereyitha ye-ozone kunye ne-ozone eliminator edibene noomatshini ababini bokuhlamba, enokunciphisa iindleko zotyalo-mali lwezixhobo. Ijenereyitha ye-ozone yoomatshini ababini bokuhlamba inika i-ozone ngokutshintshana, inokunyusa imveliso. Yonke inkqubo ngolawulo lwesoftware olukhethekileyo lwe-LST.
Umatshini wokuhlamba i-LST Ozone
Umatshini wokuhlamba i-Ozone ye-ODS
2. Indlela yokuhlamba nge-laser
Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yelaser ekuhlambeni amalaphu edenim kunye noyilo lwemizobo ebonakalayo yitekhnoloji yanamhlanje yedijithali, itekhnoloji yelaser kunye noyilo lobugcisa oludityaniswe nokusebenza kokugqitywa kwelaphu lejini. Itekhnoloji yokukrola ngelaser kwimveliso entsha yejini ebonakalayo, ephucula ilaphu leentlobo ngeentlobo, iphucula umgangatho welaphu, ixabiso elongezelelweyo kunye nenqanaba lokwenza ngokwezifiso. Linyathelo elitsha eliya phambili lokulungiswa kwempahla yejini kunye nejeni ephezulu.
